Taxonomy of -seme Units in Linguistics and Semiotics
April 10, 2025•307 words
Here is a semantic taxonomy tree in .md format, organizing all known and proposed -seme terms by field:
Taxonomy of -seme Units in Linguistics and Semiotics
The suffix -seme indicates semantic units — building blocks of meaning, ranging from abstract features to culturally contextualized signs.
I. Core Semantic Units (General Semantics)
Sememe
- Minimal unit of meaning (like a morpheme in morphology)
Pleseme
- A sememe carrying emotive or stylistic nuance
- Related to connotation or affective semantics
- A sememe carrying emotive or stylistic nuance
Episeme
- Context-dependent or culturally-specific sememe
- Found in anthropological or ethnolinguistic semantics
- Context-dependent or culturally-specific sememe
II. Cognitive and Mental Semantics
Nooseme
- Unit of cognitive meaning (from noos, "mind")
- Used in cognitive linguistics or mentalist theories
- Unit of cognitive meaning (from noos, "mind")
Lexiseme (less common)
- Proposed unit representing the meaning of a lexical item
- Used when distinguishing between lexical and grammatical meaning
- Proposed unit representing the meaning of a lexical item
III. Pragmatics and Communication
- Pragmatoseme
- A sememe that emerges in pragmatic contexts
- Includes speaker intention, implication, conversational meaning
- A sememe that emerges in pragmatic contexts
IV. Narrative and Cultural Semiotics
Narratoseme
- A basic unit of meaning in narrative structures
- Used in semiotic models of storytelling (e.g., Propp, Greimas)
- A basic unit of meaning in narrative structures
Mythoseme
- Semantic unit in myth analysis
- Related to structuralist anthropology (e.g., Lévi-Strauss)
- Semantic unit in myth analysis
Visual Hierarchy (Textual Tree)
Semantic Units (-semes)
├── Core Semantics
│ ├── Sememe
│ ├── Pleseme
│ └── Episeme
├── Cognitive Semantics
│ ├── Nooseme
│ └── Lexiseme
├── Pragmatics
│ └── Pragmatoseme
└── Semiotic Structures
├── Narratoseme
└── Mythoseme
Notes
- Sememe is the foundational unit.
- Some terms are framework-specific, rarely used outside those schools (e.g., Mythoseme, Nooseme).
- This taxonomy helps track how meaning is constructed, contextualized, and interpreted across disciplines.
Let me know if you want this integrated with your earlier -eme taxonomy (e.g., phoneme, morpheme, grapheme, tagmeme).