Lesson 99 (Intermediate 4 Lesson 5)

We started with the Quizlet sentence deck for Chapter 15, each one taking turns to answer.

We went to the textbook after that to do Speaking 1, then Speaking 2, as well as Listening. We skipped Culture Note, but did go through Pronunciation, but that was not really anything new.

The vocab is all for the new chapter, Chapter 16. I am concerned that a test is coming soon, because the revision sheet is for Chapter 13–16… I don’t think we would skip 2 tests in a row… right?

Pronunciation

This is an extension of part of the rule seen back in Lesson 28 to mention the two complex consonants that contain ‘ㅎ’.

When the final consonants ‘ㅎ, ㄶ, ㅀ’ are followed by the initial ‘ㅇ’, [ㅎ] is silent.

• 넣어요 [너어요]
• 싫어요 [시러요]
• 많아져요 [마나저요]

For the last one, I did not get to ask why 져 is [저]. Not sure if I missed something…

Grammar

1. V-아/어/해 놓다

This is used to indicate that an action is completed and the state of the action is maintained.

It is frequently used to express that something was done in preparation for some future use. For example, say there is an event tomorrow (a party) and you have bought some items for it (cake).

Examples

1. 비가 왔으니까 창문을 닫아 놓았어요. (It rained so I closed the windows.)
2. 표를 예메해 놓아야 돼요. (You have to reserve the tickets.)
3. 밖이 시끄러우니까 문을 열어 놓지 마세요. (Do not open the door as it is noisy outside.)
4. 음식 냄새가 많이 나서 창문을 열어 놓았어요. (The smell of food is very strong, so I opened the windows.)

Comparing -았/었/했다 with -아/어/해 놓다

• The regular past tense (V-았/었/했다) focuses on the performance of an action. It is impossible to know whether the result of the action continued following its completion.
• V-아/어/해 놓다 makes it clear that the resulting state of an action after it has been completed is maintained.

Consider the two sentences:

• 친구와 이야기하는 동안 라디오를 켰어요. (While speaking with my friend, I turned on the radio.)
  • No way to tell if at this moment, the radio is still on.
• 친구와 이야기하는 동안 라디오를 켜 놓았어요. (While speaking with my friend, I turned on the radio [and left it on].)

Usage Notes

1. It is common for ‘-아/어 놔’ to be used instead of ‘-아/어 놓아’. This contraction also applies in writing, not just spoken language.
   • 음식 냄새가 많이 나서 창문을 열어 놔어요.
2. ‘-아/어 놓아’ is the same as ‘-아/어 두아’.
   • 음식 냄새가 많이 나서 창문을 열어 두었어요.

2. N 대신

This is used to indicate the substitution or replacement of the noun preceding ‘대신’ with something else.

This can be translated as “instead of N” or “on behalf of N”.

Examples

1. 소고기가 없으면 (소고기) 대신 닭고기를 넣어도 돼요. (If there is not beef, chicken instead of beef is also fine.)
2. 친구가 한국어를 잘 못헤서 (친구) 대신 제가 영화표를 예매했어요. (My friend is not so good at Korean, so instead of my friend, I reserved the movie tickets.)
3. 동생이 아파서 제가 대신 운전했어요. (My younger brother was sick, so I drove instead.)

In the first two sentences, it is possible to omit the noun just before 대신.

In the third sentence, I am replacing my brother, even though the noun just before that is 제 (“I”). That is because the noun that is being replaced has been omitted. Rewriting the third sentence: 동생이 아파서 제가 동생 대신 운전했어요.

In both the first two sentences, it is also possible to place the 대신 behind. The first two examples can also be written as:

1. 소고기가 없으면 닭고기를 대신 넣어도 돼요.
2. 친구가 한국어를 잘 못헤서 제가 대신 영화표를 예매했어요.

For that reason, be careful not to assume that the noun that comes immediately before 대신 is necessarily what is being replaced. It can be the noun that is doing the replacing. Read the sentence properly to understand the meaning correctly.

Also, not covered in class, but from looking at the examples, I would hazard a guess and say it is safe to say that if the noun that appear before 대신 has a particle after it, it is most definitely not the noun being replaced, but the one doing the replacing.

3. V-(으)ㄹ까 하다

This is used to express a speaker’s intention or consideration of doing something, but is still undecided on the course of action.

It cannot be used if the decision has already been made. If the decision has been made, the future tense V-(으)ㄹ 거예요 should be used.

The way the teacher introduced this was to give the scenario where we imagine we are thinking of what we want to do after class. The way we might ask ourselves is to use V-(으)ㄹ까요? (I believe it is probably this V-(으)ㄹ까요? rather than the other one, only because in the example the questions being asked were “Shall I…?”)

The 하다 is the thought (생각).

Examples

1. 가: 주말에 뭐 할 거예요? (What are you going to do on the weekend.) 나: 별일 없으면 친구를 만날까 해요. (If nothing special is going on, I am thinking of meeting a friend.)
2. 가: 점심에 맛있는 거 먹으러 갈까 하는데 같이 갈래요? (I’m thinking of going to eat something delicious for lunch. Do you want to come with me?) 나: 전 할 일이 많아서 햄버거나 먹을까 헤요. (I have a lot of work so I was thinking of eating a hamburger.)

Vocabulary

Homework

• Chapter 15 Reading & Writing
• Chapter 16 Handout sentences
• Chapter 16 Worksheet for Grammar points 1–3
• Quizlet (both word and sentence sets)

Stats

• Students: 5 out of 6 (the newest student [French] did not come)
• Breakout room activities: Yes, rotated